ASTM A354

ASTM A354 Bolts Specification

Carbon Steel And Alloy Steel Structural Bolts, Studs and Threaded Rod

Related Specifications

Overview

ASTM A354 quenched and tempered Hex Bolts, Heavy Hex Bolts, Studs, Socket Head Cap Screws, Threaded Rods are manufactured at ad fastener with a size range of 1/2 Inch through 4 Inch. These Bolts are used for application at normal atmospheric temperatures, where high strength is required and for limited application at elevated temperature. wo strength levels are covered, designated Grades BC and BD. Selection will depend upon design and the stresses and service for which the product is to be used.

Scope

Grade of Fastener and Surface Finish	Nut Grade and Style^A
ASTM A354 Grade BC, plain (or with a coating of insufficient thickness to require over-tapped nuts)	C, heavy hex
ASTM A354 Grade BC, zinc-coated (or with a coating thickness requiring over-tapped nuts)	DH, heavy hex
ASTM A354 Grade BD, all finishes	DH, heavy hex
(A) Nuts of other grades and styles having specified proof load stresses (Specification A563) greater than the specified grade and style of nut are suitable.

Chemical Composition

Element		C	Ni, min	Cr, min	Mo, min	Mn, min	Phosphorus, max	S, max	B, max	Other Alloying Elements
Alloy Steel for ASTM A354 Grade BD Sizes over 2 1/4 in. through 4 in	Heat Analysis, %	0.35-0.53	0.4	0.4	0.15	0.6	0.04	0.04	0	A
	Product Analysis, %	0.33-0.55	0.38	0.38	0.15	0.57	0.04	0.05	0	A
Alloy Steel for Sizes through 4 in. for ASTM A354 Grade BC and through 2 1/4 in. for ASTM A354 Grade BD	Heat Analysis, %	0.30 to 0.53	…	…	…	0.6	0.04	0.04	0	A
	Product Analysis, %	0.28 to 0.55	…	…	…	0.57	0.04	0.05	0	A
(A) See Terminology F1789 for alloy steel definition.

Mechanical Requirements

Hardness Requirements for Full-Size Fasteners

Grade	Size, in.	Hardness
ASTM A354 Grade BC	¹/₄ to 2¹/₂	255	331	26	36
ASTM A354 Grade BC	Over 2¹/₂	235	311	22	33
ASTM A354 Grade BD	All sizes	311	352	33	38

Tensile Requirements for All Full-Size Fasteners (Inch-Pound Units)

Bolt Size, in.	Threads per inch	Stress Area, ^A in.²	Grade BC			Grade BD
Bolt Size, in.	Threads per inch	Stress Area, ^A in.²	Ultimate Tensile Load, min, lbf^B	Proof Load, lbf^C	Yield Strength (0.2 % offset), min, lbf^D	Ultimate Tensile Load, min, lb^E	Ultimate Tensile Load, max, lbf ^F	Proof Load, lbf^G	Yield Strength (0.2 % offset), min, lbf^H
¹/₄	20	0.0318	4 000	3 350	3 450	4 750	5 500	3 800	4 100
¹/₄	28	0.0364	4 550	3 820	3 950	5 450	6 300	4 350	4 700
⁵/₁₆	18	0.0524	6 550	5 500	5 700	7 850	9 050	6 300	6 800
⁵/₁₆	24	0.0580	7 250	6 090	6 300	8 700	10 000	6 950	7 500
³/₈	16	0.0775	9 700	8 150	8 450	11 650	13 400	9 300	10 075
³/₈	24	0.0878	11 000	9 220	9 550	13 200	15 200	10 500	11 400
⁷/₁₆	14	0.1063	13 300	11 150	11 600	15 950	18 400	12 750	13 850
⁷/₁₆	20	0.1187	14 840	12 470	12 900	17 800	20 550	14 200	15 400
¹/₂	13	0.1419	17 750	14 900	15 450	21 300	24 550	17 050	18 500
¹/₂	20	0.1599	19 990	16 790	17 400	24 000	27 650	19 200	20 750
⁹/₁₆	12	0.182	22 750	19 100	19 850	27 300	31 500	21 850	23 600
⁹/₁₆	18	0.203	25 400	21 400	22 100	30 400	35 100	24 400	26 350
⁵/₈	11	0.226	28 250	23 750	24 650	33 900	39 100	27 100	29 400
⁵/₈	18	0.256	32 000	26 800	27 900	38 400	44 300	30 700	33 250
³/₄	10	0.334	41 750	35 050	36 400	50 100	57 800	40 100	43 400
³/₄	16	0.373	46 600	39 100	40 650	56 000	64 550	44 800	48 450
⁷/₈	9	0.462	57 750	48 500	50 350	69 300	79 950	55 450	60 100
⁷/₈	14	0.509	63 600	53 400	55 450	76 400	88 000	61 100	66 150
1	8	0.606	75 750	63 650	66 050	90 900	104 850	72 700	78 800
1	12	0.663	82 900	69 700	72 250	99 400	114 700	79 600	86 150
1	14	0.679	84 900	71 300	74 400	101 900	117 500	81 500	88 250
1¹/₈	7	0.763	95 400	80 100	83 150	114 450	132 000	91 550	99 200
1¹/₈	8	0.790	98 750	82 950	86 200	118 500	136 700	94 800	102 700
1¹/₈	12	0.856	107 000	89 800	93 300	128 400	148 000	102 700	111 250
1¹/₄	7	0.969	121 150	101 750	105 600	145 350	167 650	116 300	126 000
1¹/₄	8	1.000	125 000	105 000	109 000	150 000	173 000	120 000	130 000
1¹/₄	12	1.073	134 100	112 600	116 950	161 000	185 600	128 800	139 450
1³/₈	6	1.155	144 400	121 300	125 900	173 250	199 850	138 600	150 200
1³/₈	8	1.233	154 150	129 450	134 400	185 000	213 300	148 000	160 300
1³/₈	12	1.315	164 400	138 100	143 300	197 200	227 500	157 800	170 950
1¹/₂	6	1.405	175 650	147 550	153 150	210 750	243 100	168 600	182 500
1¹/₂	8	1.492	186 500	156 650	162 250	233 800	258 100	175 050	194 000
1¹/₂	12	1.581	197 600	166 000	172 300	237 200	273 500	189 700	205 500
1³/₄	5	1.90	237 500	199 500	207 100	285 000	328 700	228 000	247 000
1³/₄	8	2.08	260 000	218 400	226 700	312 000	359 800	249 600	270 000
2	4¹/₂	2.50	312 500	262 500	272 500	375 000	432 500	300 000	325 000
2	8	2.77	346 250	290 850	301 950	415 000	480 000	332 400	360 000
2¹/₄	4¹/₂	3.25	406 250	341 250	354 250	487 000	562 250	390 000	422 500
2¹/₄	8	3.56	445 000	373 800	388 050	534 000	616 000	422 200	462 800
2¹/₂	4	4.00	500 000	420 000	436 000	600 000	692 000	480 000	520 000
2¹/₂	8	4.44	550 000	466 200	483 950	666 000	768 100	532 800	577 200
2³/₄	4	4.93	566 950	468 350	488 050	739 500	853 000	591 600	640 900
2³/₄	8	5.43	624 450	515 850	537 550	814 500	939 400	651 600	705 900
3	4	5.97	686 550	567 150	591 050	895 500	1 032 800	716 400	776 100
3	8	6.51	748 650	618 450	644 500	976 500	1 126 200	781 200	846 300
3¹/₄	4	7.10	816 500	674 500	702 900	1 065 000	1 228 300	852 000	923 000
3¹/₄	8	7.69	884 350	730 550	761 300	1 153 500	1 330 400	922 800	999 700
3¹/₂	4	8.33	957 950	791 350	824 650	1 249 500	1 441 100	999 600	1 082 900
3¹/₂	8	8.96	1 030 400	851 200	887 050	1 344 000	1 550 100	1 075 200	1 164 800
3³/₄	4	9.66	1 110 900	917 700	956 350	1 449 000	1 671 200	1 159 200	1 255 800
3³/₄	8	10.34	1 199 100	983 300	1 023 650	1 551 000	1 788 800	1 240 800	1 344 200
4	4	11.08	1 274 200	1 052 600	1 096 900	1 662 000	1 916 800	1 329 600	1 440 400
4	8	11.81	1 358 200	1 122 000	1 169 200	1 771 500	2 043 100	1 417 200	1 535 300
(A) Stress Area, in.2 = 0.7854 [D − 0.9743/ n] 2 where D = nominal diameter, in., and n = threads/in. (B) Based on 125 000 psi for sizes 1/4 to 21/2 in., inclusive, and on 115 000 psi for sizes over 21/2 to 4 in., inclusive. (C) Based on 105 000 psi for sizes 1/4 to 21/2 in., inclusive, and on 95 000 psi for sizes over 21/2 to 4 in., inclusive. (D) Based on 109 000 psi for sizes 1/4 to 21/2 in., inclusive, and on 99 000 psi for sizes over 21/2 to 4 in., inclusive. (E) Based on 150 000 psi for all sizes. (F) Based on 173 00 psi for all sizes. (G) Based on 120 000 psi for all sizes. (H) Based on 130 000 psi for all sizes.

Machined Specimens

Grade	Size, in.	Tensile Strength min, psi	Tensile Strength max, psi	Yield Strength (0.2 % offset), min, psi	Elongation in 2 in. min, %	Reduction of Area, min, %
ASTM A354 Grade BC	¹/₄ to 2¹/₂ , incl	125 000	…	109 000	16	50
ASTM A354 Grade BC	Over 2¹/₂	115 000	…	99 000	16	45
ASTM A354 Grade BD	All sizes^†	150 000	173 000	130 000	14	40

ASTM A354 Impact Test Requirements

Impact testing shall be performed on Grade BD fasteners with nominal diameters over 2 1/4 in. Such fasteners shall have a minimum absorbed-energy of 20 ft-lbf when tested at a temperature of -4°F .

Coating Specifications

A153/A153M Specification for Hot Dip Galvanising (Zinc Coating) on Iron and Steel Hardware
B633 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron and Steel
B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically Deposited on Iron and Steel
B696 Specification for Coatings of Cadmium Mechanically Deposited
B766 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Cadmium
F1941/F1941M Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings on Mechanical Fasteners, Inch and Metric
F2329/F2329M Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Requirements for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts, Screws, Washers, Nuts, and Special Threaded Fasteners

Renowned Brands

Bolting Components Marking

Product Shall be Marked with our manufacturing trade mark Adfast Component LTD along with the designated Grade.
Grade and manufacturer’s identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of bolts and screws of all sizes. (If the available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer’s identification symbol marked on the other end.) For bolts and screws smaller than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter and studs smaller than 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] in diameter and for 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter studs requiring more than a total of three symbols, the marking shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

Grade	Grade Symbol
ASTM A354 Grade BC	BC
ASTM A354 Grade BD	BD

Dimensional Standards

B18.31.2 Imperial Continious Thread, Double End Reduced & Full Body Studs
B18.31.1M Metric Continious Thread, Double End Reduced & Full Body Studs
B16.5 Imperial Full Thread Stud Bolts
B16.5 Metric Full Thread Stud Bolts
B18.2.1 Imperial Square and Hex Bolts and Screws
B18.3 Imperial Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws

Certification

Testing Standards

A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
E1268 Practice for Assessing the Degree of Banding or Orientation of Microstructures
E1417/E1417M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing
E1444/E1444M Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
E2884 Guide for Eddy Current Testing of Electrically Conducting Materials Using Conformable Sensor Arrays
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
F788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
F2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered, Threaded, Steel Bolts, Screws, Studs, and Nuts

Threading Specifications

ASME B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form)
ASME B1.3 Screw Thread Gaging System for Dimensional Acceptability – Inch Screw Threads (IN, UNR, and UNJ)

Supplementary Requirements

S1	Marking
S2	Magnetic Particle Inspection for Longitudinal Discontinuities and Transverse Cracks

Product

Precision Components

Contract Manufacturing

Fastener

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materials

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