ASTM F2437/2437M

ASTM F2437/2437M Direct tension Washers Specification

Carbon and Alloy Steel Direct Tension Washers for use with Cap Screws, Bolts, Anchors, and Studs

Related Specifications

Recommended Fasteners

Series/Grade or Property Class		Recommended Cap Screws, Bolts, Anchors, or Studs^A	Recommended Nuts^B	Recommended Flat Washers
Inch Fasteners	Style 2 Grade 55	Specification F1554 Grade 55 Specification A307	Specification A194/A194M2H Specification A563 A, C, DH	Specification F436/F436M
	Style 2 Grade 105	Specification A193/A193M B7 Specification F1554 Grade 105	Specification A194/A194M2H Specification A563 DH	Specification F436/F436M
	Style 1 Grade 5	Specification A449, Specification A354 BC SAE J429 Grade 5	SAE J995 Grade 5 Specification A563 B, C, D, DH	Specification F436/F436M
	Style 1 Grade 8	Specification A354 BD SAE J429 Grade 8	SAE J995 Grade 8 Specification A563 D, DH	Specification F436/F436M
Metric Fasteners	Property Class 8.8	Specification ISO 898-1 Class 8.8	Specification ISO 898-2 Class 10	Specification ISO 887 (300 HV) DIN 125 Part 2
Metric Fasteners	Property Class 10.9	Specification ISO 898-1 Class 10.9	Specification ISO 898-2 Class 10	Specification ISO 887 (300 HV) ISO 7089
A) A Inch bolt and cap screw dimensions are designated in ASME B18.2.1 and metric bolt dimensions are designated in ISO 4014. (B) Inch nuts dimensions are designated in ASME B18.2.2 and metric nut dimensions are designated in ISO 4032.

Chemical Composition

Element	Composition, %
Element	Heat Analysis	Product Analysis
C	0.30 to 0.55	0.27 to 0.58
Mn	0.50 to 0.90	0.47 to 0.93
P, max	0.04	0.048
S, max	0.045	0.053
Si	0.15 to 0.35	0.13 to 0.37
(A) Steel is considered to be alloy by the American Iron and Steel Institute when the maximum of the range given for the content of alloying elements exceeds one or more of the following limits: manganese, 1.65 %; silicone, 0.60 %; copper, 0.60 %; or in which a definite range or definite maximum quantity of any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of the recognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99 %, cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect. (B) Suitable materials for weathering steel DTIs include the chemistries for Type 3 products listed in Specification F436/F436M.

Mechanical Requirements

Compression Load (Inch)
Compression Load (Metric)
Direct Tension Indicators (Inch)
Direct Tension Indicators (Metric)

DTI Nominal Diameter (in.)	Mean Compression Load^B Range in Pounds (lbs) Style 1		Mean Compression Load^C Range in Pounds (lbs) Style 2
DTI Nominal Diameter (in.)	Grade 5	Grade 8	Grade 55	Grade 105
¹/₄	2200 to 2450	3100 to 3450	. . .	. . .
⁵/₁₆	3500 to 3850	4950 to 5500	. . .	. . .
³/₈	5300 to 5850	7500 to 8300	. . .	. . .
⁷/₁₆	7200 to 7900	10 100 to 11 200	. . .	. . .
¹/₂	9700 to 10 700	13 700 to 15 340	4450 to 4900	8500 to 9400
⁹/₁₆	12 350 to 13 600	17 400 to 19 200	5700 to 6300	10 900 to 12 050
⁵/₈	15 550 to 17 200	21 850 to 24 200	7050 to 7800	13 500 to 15 000
³/₄	22 600 to 25 000	31 900 to 35 300	10 500 to 11 600	20 000 to 22 150
⁷/₈	30 850 to 34 100	43 550 to 48 100	14 500 to 16 000	27 650 to 30 550
1	40 200 to 44 400	56 700 to 62 700	19 000 to 21 000	36 250 to 40 100
1¹/₈	40 250 to 44 450	73 150 to 80 900	23 950 to 26 450	47 300 to 52 300
1¹/₄	51 100 to 56 450	91 750 to 101 450	30 400 to 33 600	59 850 to 66 150
1³/₈	61 150 to 67 600	112 450 to 124 250	38 550 to 42 600	73 800 to 81 600
1¹/₂	74 350 to 82 150	135 150 to 149 400	44 050 to 48 700	89 300 to 98 700
1⁵/₈	. . .	. . .	55 800 to 61 700	106 200 to 117 400
1³/₄	74 450 to 82 300	177 850 to 196 500	59 550 to 65 850	124 600 to 137 750
1⁷/₈	…	206 050 to 227 750	75 550 to 83 500	144 500 to 159 700
2	98 000 to 108 300	236 850 to 261 750	78 650 to 86 950	165 800 to 183 300
2¹/₄	127 400 to 140 800	277 900 to 307 100	102 050 to 112 750	212 900 to 235 350
2¹/₂	156 750 to 173 250	379 600 to 419 600	125 400 to 138 600	240 550 to 265 850
(A) Compression load requirements establish the capability of the direct tension indicators to satisfy typical tension requirements for these grades. The user is not obliged to install fasteners and DTIs to these tensions, and is free to specify installation to lower tension values. When so specified, the DTI supplier shall provide a load-gap curve in accordance with 15.2 to enable the user to select the appropriate gap criteria for the intended target tension of the application. (B) The Mean compression load values for Grades 5 and 8 in nominal sizes up through 1-1/2 in are based upon 75% of the proof load for SAE J429 cap screws. For Grade 5 in nominal sizes over 1-1/2 in and up to 2-1/2 in inclusive, the mean compression load values are based on 75% of the proof load for ASTM A449. For grade 8 in nominal sizes over 1-1/2 in and up to 2-1/2 in inclusive, mean compression load values are based upon 75 % of the proof load for ASTM A354BD. (C) Mean compression load values for Grades 55 and 105 are based upon 60 % of the yield strength for the matching fasteners on which they are used.

Nominal Diameter (M)	Mean Compression Load Range in kN
Nominal Diameter (M)	Property Class 8.8	Property Class 10.9
M6	8 to 9	12 to 13
M8	15 to 17	22 to 24
M10	24 to 27	35 to 38
M12	35 to 39	50 to 55
M14	48 to 53	68 to 75
M16	65 to 72	93 to 103
M18	82 to 91	114 to 125
M20	105 to 116	145 to 160
M22	130 to 143	179 to 198
M24	151 to 167	209 to 231
M27	196 to 217	271 to 300
M30	240 to 265	332 to 367
M33	297 to 328	410 to 454
M36	349 to 386	483 to 534
M39	417 to 461	577 to 638
M42	479 to 529	662 to 732
M45	560 to 619	775 to 856
M48	628 to 695	869 to 961
M52	752 to 832	1041 to 1150
M56	868 to 959	1200 to 1327
M60	1009 to 1115	1396 to 1543
M64	1146 to 1266	1585 to 1752
M68	1308 to 1446	1810 to 2000
M72	1479 to 1635	2046 to 2262
(A) The Mean compression load values for property classes 8.8 and 10.9 are based upon 75% of the proof load for ISO 898-1 Bolts/Stud/Screws.

DTI Size, Nominal Diameter (in.)^B	Style 1: Grade 5 and Grade 8				Style 2: Grade 55 and Grade 105
DTI Size, Nominal Diameter (in.)^B	Inside Diameter (ID), in.	Outside Diameter (OD), in.	Thickness, in. (min.)	Protrusion Bearing Diameter^C (PBD)	Inside Diameter (ID), in.	Outside Diameter (OD), in.	Thickness in. (min.)	Protrusion Bearing Diameter (PBD)
¹/₄	0.254 to 0.258	0.505 to 0.525	0.097	0.394	. . .	. . .	. . .	. . .
⁵/₁₆	0.317 to 0.321	0.650 to 0.670	0.097	0.450	. . .	. . .	. . .	. . .
³/₈	0.379 to 0.383	0.780 to 0.800	0.104	0.506	. . .	. . .	. . .	. . .
⁷/₁₆	0.443 to 0.448	0.898 to 0.918	0.104	0.563	. . .	. . .	. . .	. . .
¹/₂	0.508 to 0.512	0.950 to 0.970	0.104	0.675	0.515 to 0.520	1.020 to 1.040	0.104	0.746
⁹/₁₆	0.573 to 0.577	1.052 to 1.072	0.126	0.731	. . .	. . .	. . .	. . .
⁵/₈	0.635 to 0.639	1.204 to 1.224	0.126	0.844	0.640 to 0.645	1.240 to 1.260	0.126	0.956
³/₄	0.760 to 0.764	1.474 to 1.494	0.142	1.012	0.765 to 0.770	1.450 to 1.470	0.126	1.077
⁷/₈	0.885 to 0.889	1.630 to 1.650	0.158	1.181	0.890 to 0.895	1.670 to 1.690	0.142	1.294
1	1.010 to 1.014	1.846 to 1.866	0.158	1.350	1.020 to 1.025	1.890 to 1.910	0.142	1.441
1¹/₈	1.135 to 1.139	2.063 to 2.083	0.158	1.512	1.150 to 1.155	2.100 to 2.120	0.142	1.574
1¹/₄	1.260 to 1.264	2.305 to 2.325	0.158	1.688	1.275 to 1.280	2.320 to 2.340	0.142	1.800
1³/₈	1.388 to 1.392	2.565 to 2.585	0.193	1.856	1.400 to 1.405	2.540 to 2.560	0.142	1.902
1¹/₂	1.525 to 1.529	2.798 to 2.818	0.193	2.025	1.525 to 1.530	2.750 to 2.770	0.142	2.071
1⁵/₈	. . .	. . .	. . .	. . .	1.650 to 1.655	2.970 to 2.990	0.193	2.234
1³/₄	1.767 to 1.772	3.265 to 3.285	0.193	2.363	1.775 to 1.780	3.185 to 3.205	0.193	2.475
2	2.030 to 2.040	3.735 to 3.755	0.193	2.700	2.030 to 2.040	3.620 to 3.640	0.193	2.741
2¹/₄	2.275 to 2.280	4.205 to 4.225	0.193	3.038	2.275 to 2.280	4.050 to 4.070	0.193	3.078
2¹/₂	2.525 to 2.530	4.675 to 4.695	0.193	3.375	2.525 to 2.530	4.480 to 4.500	0.193	3.416
(A) Dimensions are as-formed, before coatings, platings, and so forth. (B) Nominal direct tension indicator sizes are intended for use with fasteners of the same nominal diameter. (C) PBD maximum based upon minimum bearing surface of ASME B18.2.1 hex cap screw minimum bearing surface.

DTI Size^B	Inside Diameter (ID), mm	Outside Diameter (OD), mm	Thickness, mm (minimum)	Protrusion Bearing Diameter^C(PBD) mm (maximum)
M6	6.25-6.35	13.65-15.65	2.464	8.88
M8	8.25-8.35	16.98-18.98	2.464	11.63
M10	10.25-10.35	20.37-22.37	2.642	14.63
M12	12.25-12.35	24.23-26.23	2.642	16.63
M14	14.25-14.35	27.56-29.56	2.642	19.64
M16	16.25-16.35	30.95-32.95	3.200	22.49
M18	18.25-18.35	33.76-35.76	3.200	25.34
M20	20.25-20.35	37.15-39.15	3.607	28.19
M22	22.25-22.35	41.43-43.43	4.013	31.71
M24	24.35-24.45	43.69-45.69	4.013	33.61
M27	27.35-27.45	49.34-51.34	4.013	38.00
M30	30.35-30.45	54.99-56.99	4.013	42.75
M33	33.35-33.45	59.51-61.51	4.902	46.55
M36	36.35-36.45	64.83-66.83	4.902	51.11
M39	39.35-39.45	70.58-72.58	4.902	55.86
M42	42.35-42.45	75.44-77.44	4.902	59.95
M45	45.35-45.45	81.09-83.09	4.902	64.70
M48	48.35-48.45	86.74-88.74	4.902	69.45
M52	52.40-52.50	92.39-94.39	4.902	74.20
M56	56.40-56.50	97.70-99.70	4.902	78.66
M60	60.40-60.50	103.35-105.35	4.902	83.41
M64	64.40-64.50	109.00-111.00	4.902	88.16
M68	68.40-68.50	114.65-116.65	4.902	92.48
M72	75.40-75.50	120.30-122.30	4.902	97.92
(A) Dimensions are as-formed, before coatings, platings. (B) Nominal direct tension indicator sizes are intended for use with fasteners of the same nominal diameter. (C) PBD maximum is based upon minimum bearing surface of hex head screws in ISO 4014.

Coating Specifications

Renowned Brands

Bolting Components Marking

Product Shall be Marked with our manufacturing trade mark Adfast Component LTD along with the designated Grade.
Grade and manufacturer’s identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of bolts and screws of all sizes. (If the available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer’s identification symbol marked on the other end.) For bolts and screws smaller than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter and studs smaller than 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] in diameter and for 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter studs requiring more than a total of three symbols, the marking shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

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