ASTM A449

ASTM A449 Bolts Specification

Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel And Weatherng Steel Structural Bolts, Hex Cap Screws and Studs Heat Treated to 120/105/90 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength

Related Specifications

Scope

Type	Description
Type I	Plain carbon steel, carbon boron steel, alloy steel, or alloy boron steel
Type 2	Withdrawn 2003
Type 3	Weathering steel

Ordering Information

Fastener Size and Surface Finish	Nut Grade and Style^A
¹/₄ to 1¹/₂ in., plain (or with a coating of insufficient thickness to require over-tapped nuts)	B, hex
Over 1¹/₂ to 3 in., plain (or with a coating of insuffi- cient thickness to require over-tapped nuts)	A, heavy hex
¹/₄ to 3 in., zinc-coated (or with a coating thickness requiring over-tapped nuts)	DH, heavy hex
¹/₄ to 3 in., Type 3	C3, Dh4, heavy hex
(A) Nuts of other grades and styles having specified proof load stresses (Specification A563, Table 3) greater than the specified grade and style of nut are suitable.

Chemical Composition

Type 1 Fasteners
Type 3 Fasteners A

Types of Steel	Elements	Heat Analysis	Product Analysis
Carbon Steel	C	0.30-0.52	0.28-0.55
	Mn, min	0.60	0.57
	P, max	0.040	0.048
	S, max	0.050	0.058
	Si	0.15-0.30	0.13-0.32
Boron Steel	C	0.30-0.52	0.28-0.55
	Mn, min	0.60	0.57
	P, max	0.040	0.048
	S, max	0.050	0.058
	Si	0.10-0.30	0.08-0.32
	B	0.0005-0.003	0.0005-0.003
Alloy Steel
	C	0.30-0.52	0.28-0.55
	Mn, min	0.60	0.57
	P, max	0.035	0.040
	S, max	0.040	0.045
	Si	0.15-0.35	0.13-0.37
	Alloying Elements	^A	^A
Alloy Boron Steel
	C	0.30-0.52	0.28-0.55
	Mn, min	0.60	0.57
	P, max	0.035	0.040
	S, max	0.040	0.045
	Si	0.15-0.35	0.13-0.37
	B	0.0005-0.003	0.0005-0.003
	Alloying Elements	^A	^A
	(A) Steel, as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute, shall be considered to be alloy when the maximum of the range given for the content of alloying elements exceeds one or more of the following limits: manganese, 1.65 %; silicon, 0.60 %; copper, 0.60 % or in which a definite range or a definite minimum quantity of any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of the recognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99 %, cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect.

Element	Analysis	Type 3 Fasteners^A
Element	Analysis	A	B	C	D	E	F
C	Heat analysis	0.33-0.40	0.38-0.48	0.15-0.25	0.15-0.25	0.20-0.25	0.20-0.25
C	Product analysis	0.31-0.42	0.36-0.50	0.14-0.25	0.14-0.25	0.18-0.27	0.19-0.25
Mn	Heat analysis	0.90-1.20	0.70-0.90	0.80-1.35	0.40-1.20	0.60-1.00	0.90-1.20
Mn	Product analysis	0.86-1.24	0.67-0.93	0.76-1.39	0.36-1.24	0.56-1.04	0.86-1.24
P	Heat analysis	0.035 max	0.06-0.12	0.035 max	0.035 max	0.035 max	0.035 max
P	Product analysis	0.040 max	0.06-0.125	0.040 max	0.040 max	0.040 max	0.040 max
S	Heat analysis	0.040 max	0.040 max	0.040 max	0.040 max	0.040 max	0.040 max
S	Product analysis	0.045 max	0.045 max	0.045 max	0.045 max	0.045 max	0.045 max
Si	Heat analysis	0.15-0.35	0.30-0.50	0.15-0.35	0.25-0.50	0.15-0.35	0.15-0.35
Si	Product analysis	0.13-0.37	0.25-0.55	0.13-0.37	0.20-0.55	0.13-0.37	0.13-0.37
Cu	Heat analysis	0.25-0.45	0.20-0.40	0.20-0.50	0.30-0.50	0.30-0.60	0.20-0.40
Cu	Product analysis	0.22-0.48	0.17-0.43	0.17-0.53	0.27-0.53	0.27-0.53	0.17-0.43
Ni	Heat analysis	0.25-0.45	0.50-0.80	0.25-0.50	0.50-0.80	0.30-0.60	0.20-0.40
Ni	Product analysis	0.22-0.48	0.47-0.83	0.22-0.53	0.47-0.83	0.27-0.63	0.17-0.43
Cr	Heat analysis	0.45-0.65	0.50-0.75	0.30-0.50	0.50-1.00	0.60-0.90	0.45-0.65
Cr	Product analysis	0.42-0.68	0.47-0.83	0.27-0.53	0.45-1.05	0.55-0.95	0.42-0.68
V	Heat analysis	^B	^B	0.020 min	^B	^B	^B
V	Product analysis	^B	^B	0.010 min	^B	^B	^B
Mo	Heat analysis	^B	0.06 max	^B	0.10 max	^B	^B
Mo	Product analysis	^B	0.07 max	^B	0.11 max	^B	^B
Ti	Heat analysis	^B	^B	^B	0.05 max	^B	^B
Ti	Product analysis	^B	^B	^B	0.06 max	^B	^B
(A) A,B,C,D, E and F are classes of material used for Type 3 fasteners. Selection of a class shall be at the option of the bolt manufacturer. (B) These elements are not specified or required.

Mechanical Requirements

Hardness
Tensile Load Coarse
Tensile Load Fine
Tensile Strength

Nominal Diameter, in.	Nominal Length, in.	Brinell		Rockwell C
Nominal Diameter, in.	Nominal Length, in.	Min	Max	Min	Max
¹/₄ to 1, inclusive	Less than 2D	253	319	25	34
¹/₄ to 1, inclusive	2D and over	. . .	319	. . .	34
Over 1 to 1¹/₂ , inclusive	Less than 3D	223	286	19	30
Over 1 to 1¹/₂ , inclusive	3D and over	. . .	286	. . .	30
Over 1¹/₂ to 3, inclusive	Less than 3D	183	235	. . .	. . .
Over 1¹/₂ to 3, inclusive	3D and over	. . .	235	. . .	. . .
D = Nominal diameter or thread size

Bolt or Stud Diameter, in.

Threads per in.^A

Stress Area,^B in.²

Tensile Load, min, lbf^C

Proof Load, Length Measurement Method, lbf^C

Alternative Proof Load, Yield Strength Method (0.2 % Offset), lbf^C

¹/₄

0.0318

3 800

2 700

2 900

⁵/₁₆

0.0524

6 300

4 450

4 800

³/₈

0.0775

9 300

6 600

7 100

⁷/₁₆

0.1063

12 750

9 050

9 800

¹/₂

0.1419

17 050

12 050

13 050

⁹/₁₆

0.182

21 850

15 450

16 750

⁵/₈

0.226

27 100

19 200

20 800

³/₄

0.334

40 100

28 400

30 700

⁷/₈

0.462

55 450

39 250

42 500

0.606

72 700

51 500

55 750

1¹/₈

0.763

80 100

56 450

61 800

1¹/₄

0.969

101 700

71 700

78 500

1³/₈

1.155

121 300

85 450

93 550

1¹/₂

1.405

147 500

104 000

113 800

1³/₄

1.90

171 000

104 500

110 200

4¹/₂

2.50

225 000

137 500

145 000

2¹/₄

4¹/₂

3.25

292 500

178 750

188 500

2¹/₂

4.00

360 000

220 000

232 000

2³/₄

4.9397

443 700

271 150

286 000

5.97

537 300

328 350

346 200

(A) For 8 threads per in., sizes 11/8 to 11/2 in., inclusive, stresses of 105 000 psi, 74 000 psi, and 81 000 psi shall be used for calculating the values in columns 4, 5, and 6 respectively.

(B) The stress area is taken from ASME B1.1 which uses the equation below to calculate the values:

A_s = 0.7854[ D − (0.9743/n)]²

where: A_s = stress area,

D = nominal diameter, and

n = threads per in.

Bolt Size, in.	Column 4, psi	Column 5, psi	Column 6, psi
¹/₄ to 1, incl.	120 000	85 000	92 000
1¹/₈ to 1¹/₂ , incl.	105 000	74 000	81 000
1³/₄ to 3, incl.	90 000	55 000	58 000

Bolt or Stud Diameter, in.	Threads per in.	Stress Area,^A in.²	Tensile Load, min, lbf^B	Proof Load, Length Measurement Method, lbf^B	Alternative Proof Load, Yield Strength Method (0.2 % Offset), min, lbf^B
¹/₄	28	0.0364	4 350	3 100	3 500
⁵/₁₆	24	0.0580	6 950	4 950	5 350
³/₈	24	0.0878	10 550	7 450	8 100
⁷/₁₆	20	0.1187	14 250	10 100	10 900
¹/₂	20	0.1599	19 200	13 600	14 700
⁹/₁₆	18	0.203	24 350	17 250	18 700
⁵/₈	18	0.256	30 700	21 750	23 500
³/₄	16	0.373	44 750	31 700	34 300
⁷/₈	14	0.509	61 100	43 250	46 800
1	12	0.663	79 550	56 350	61 000
1¹/₈	12	0.856	89 900	63 350	69 350
1¹/₄	12	1.073	112 650	79 400	86 900
1³/₈	12	1.315	138 100	97 300	106 500
1¹/₂	12	1.581	166 000	117 000	128 000
(A) See footnote B in Table 4. (B) See footnote C in Table 4.

Nominal Size- Threads per Inch	UNC	Nominal Size- Threads per Inch	UNF	Nominal Size- Threads per Inch	8 UN
Nominal Size- Threads per Inch	Tensile Stress Area,^AA_s in.₂	Nominal Size- Threads per Inch	Tensile Stress Area^AA_s in.²	Nominal Size- Threads per Inch	Tensile Stress Area,^AA_s in.²
¹/₄ -20	0.0318	¹/₄ -28	0.0364	…	…
⁵/₁₆ -18	0.0524	⁵/₁₆ -24	0.0580	…	…
³/₈ -16	0.0775	³/₈ -24	0.0878	…	…
⁷/₁₆ -14	0.1063	⁷/₁₆ -20	0.1187	…	…
¹/₂ -13	0.1419	¹/₂ -20	0.1599	…	…
⁹/₁₆ -12	0.182	⁹/₁₆ -18	0.203	…	…
⁵/₈ -11	0.226	⁵/₈ -18	0.256	…	…
³/₄ -10	0.334	³/₄ -16	0.373	…	…
⁷/₈ -9	0.462	⁷/₈ -14	0.509	…	…
1-8	0.606	1-12	0.663	1-8	0.606
1¹/₈ -7	0.763	1¹/₈ -12	0.856	1¹/₈ -8	0.790
1¹/₄ -7	0.969	1¹/₄ -12	1.073	1¹/₄ -8	1.000
1³/₈ -6	1.155	1³/₈ -12	1.315	1³/₈ -8	1.233
1¹/₂ -6	1.405	1¹/₂ -12	1.581	1¹/₂ -8	1.492
1³/₄ -5	1.90	…	…	1³/₄ -8	2.08
2-4¹/₂	2.50	…	…	2-8	2.77
2¹/₄ -4¹/₂	3.25	…	…	2¹/₄ -8	3.56
2¹/₂ -4	4.00	…	…	2¹/₂ -8	4.44
2³/₄ -4	4.93	…	…	2³/₄ -8	5.43
3-4	5.97	…	…	3-8	6.51
3¹/₄ -4	7.10	…	…	3¹/₄ -8	7.69
3¹/₂ -4	8.33	…	…	3¹/₂ -8	8.96
3³/₄ -4	9.66	…	…	3³/₄ -8	10.34
4-4	11.08	…	…	4-8	11.81

Dimensions

Nominal Diameter, in.	Oversize Limit, in.^A
Nominal Diameter, in.	Hot-Dip Zinc	Mechanical Zinc
¹/₄	0.016	0.012
⁵/₁₆ , ³/₈	0.017	0.012
⁷/₁₆ , ¹/₂	0.018	0.012
⁹/₁₆ , ⁵/₈ ,³/₄	0.020	0.013
⁷/₈	0.022	0.015
1.0 to 1¹/₄	0.024	0.016
1³/₈ , 1¹/₂	0.027	0.018
1³/₄ to 3.0, incl	0.050	0.033
(A) Hot-dip zinc nuts are tapped oversize after coating and mechanical zinc coated nuts are tapped oversize before coating.

Coating Specifications

Renowned Brands

Bolting Components Marking

Product Shall be Marked with our manufacturing trade mark Adfast Component LTD along with the designated Grade.
Grade and manufacturer’s identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of bolts and screws of all sizes. (If the available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer’s identification symbol marked on the other end.) For bolts and screws smaller than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter and studs smaller than 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] in diameter and for 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] in diameter studs requiring more than a total of three symbols, the marking shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

Dimensional Standards

B18.31.2 Imperial Continious Thread, Double End Reduced & Full Body Studs
B18.31.1M Metric Continious Thread, Double End Reduced & Full Body Studs
B16.5 Imperial Full Thread Stud Bolts
B16.5 Metric Full Thread Stud Bolts
B18.2.1 Imperial Square and Hex Bolts and Screws
B18.3 Imperial Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws

Certification

Testing Standards

A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
E1268 Practice for Assessing the Degree of Banding or Orientation of Microstructures
E1417/E1417M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing
E1444/E1444M Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
E2884 Guide for Eddy Current Testing of Electrically Conducting Materials Using Conformable Sensor Arrays
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
F788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
F2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered, Threaded, Steel Bolts, Screws, Studs, and Nuts

Threading Specifications

ASME B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form)
ASME B1.3 Screw Thread Gaging System for Dimensional Acceptability – Inch Screw Threads (IN, UNR, and UNJ)

Supplementary Requirements

S1	Marking

Product

Precision Components

Contract Manufacturing

Fastener

Resources

materials

Technical