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Stainless steels are classified into martensitic, ferritic and austenitic based on their crystalline structure. In addititon, they form another group known as precipitation-hardened steels, which are a combination of martensitic and austenitic steels.
Stainless steels are high-alloy steels which have high corrosion resistance than other steels owing to the presence of large amounts of chromium in the range of 4 to 30%.
| Element | Fe | Cr | Ni | Mn | Mo | Si | C | P | S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Content (%) | 63 | 28 | 4.5 | 2 | 1.5 | 1 | 0.10 | 0.040 | 0.030 |
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength, ultimate | 725 MPa | 105000 psi |
| Tensile strength, yield (@0.2%) | 550 MPa | 79800 psi |
| Charpy impact | 54 J | 39.8 ft-lb |
| Elastic modulus | 190 – 210 GPa | 27557 – 30458 ksi |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.27 – 0.30 | 0.27 – 0.30 |
| Elongation at break (in 50 mm) | 25% | 25% |
| Hardness, Brinell | 230 | 230 |
| Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness) | 253 | 253 |
| Hardness, Rockwell B | 96 | 96 |
| Hardness, Rockwell C (converted from Brinell hardness) | 20 | 20 |
| Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness) | 242 | 242 |